大学英语翻译教程第八讲.ppt

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第8讲鄱技巧(四)
增词法
◇增词法(亦称增补法或增益法):指在英汉翻
译中适当增加原文中无其形而有其义的词语,
以使译文自然通顺,完整、贴切地表达原文的
思想内容。
(1) Success is often just an idea away
原译:成功往往只是一个念头的距离。
改译:成功与否往往只是一念之差。
(2) The dust, the uproar and the growing
darkness threw everything into chaos
原译:烟尘、喧闹声和渐浓的夜色使一切都陷
入混乱之中。
改译:烟尘滚滚,人声嘈杂,夜色愈浓,一切
都陷入混乱之中。
运用增词法的两种主要情况
英文原文中由于语法原因省略的词语
英语原文中未明确表达的隐含意义
运用增词法的两种主要类型
增补原文中省略的词语
增加语义上、修辞上需要的词语
Contents
8:1增补原文中省略的词语
82)增加语义上、修辞上需要的词语




)
◆在回答英语一般疑问句时,通常采用省略句。汉译
时,为了使表达清楚、意思完整,有时需要增补省
却的词语。如
(3 Are you hungry? Not very
(4)Shall I bring you a dictionary or an encyclopaedia?
Both, please
(5)When are they due to arrive? In about two hours
(6)Can energy be changed from one form into
another? Yes. it can

在英语并列句中,假若后面分句中有与前面分
句相同的部分,经常予以省略,以避免重复。
汉译时为了使译文句子意思完整,表达通顺,
往往需要增补所省略的词语。如:
(7) She majors in psychology and her brother in
sociology.
8)Afool and his words are soon parted; a man
of genius and his money
(9) We won' t retreat: we never have and never

(10) The total amount of solution added is not
important, but the amount of solute is
(11All bodies consist of molecules and
molecules of atoms
(12)Ice is the solid state, water the liquid state,
and water vapor the gaseous state
(13)It's more expensive than it was last time but
not as good
(14)Reading makes a full man; conference a
ready man; writing an exact man

英语复合句中的省略比起并列句中的省略情况
更为复杂。究竞哪些成分应予以增补,主要视
具体情况根据汉语的表达****惯而定。如:
(15)Il have the letter photocopied if necessary
(不需增补)
如果必要我可以请人把这封信复印一下
Internal defects in the specimen, if any, can be
detected by ultrasonic waves.(需增补)
样品内部的毛病,如果有的话,可以用超声波
检查出来