审计学：一种整合方法-阿伦斯-英文版-第12版-课后答案-Chapter-9-Solutions-Manual.doc

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Ｍaterｉaliｔｙ and Ｒｉsｋ
Rｅｖiew Ｑuｅｓtｉonｓ
9－１ﻩTｈe ｐｌanning ｐhases arｅ:　aｃｃept cliｅnt　ａnd perfoｒm iｎｉtiａｌ　ｐlａｎniｎg,　unｄersｔand　thｅ clieｎｔ’s ｂusｉness　aｎd ｉnｄustｒy,　ａsseｓｓ　clｉｅnt　ｂusiｎess ｒiｓｋ, pｅｒfｏｒｍ　preliminarｙ analｙtiｃal　ｐroｃedureｓ, ｓet　ｍaｔerialｉty ａｎd asｓesｓ aｃcｅptablｅ　aｕdit ｒisk　aｎｄ ｉｎhereｎt　ｒisk, ｕndｅｒstanｄ iｎternal coｎtroｌ　anｄ aｓｓｅss　ｃontｒｏｌ　risk, gａther infoｒmation to ａssｅｓs ｆraｕｄ　risk，　aｎd ｄevｅｌop overaｌl audit　plan　and audit　ｐrｏgraｍ． Ｅｖalｕａｔiｏｎ ｏf mａｔeriaｌiｔy　ｉs pａrｔ of　ｐhａsｅ ｆｉve．　Ｒｉsk　assessｍeｎt is ｐart　ｏf phase tｈreｅ (ｃlienｔ businｅsｓ　ｒｉsｋ)， ｐhａse fｉvｅ （ａccｅptａｂlｅ ａｕdｉt risk aｎｄ ｉnｈｅｒeｎt　risｋ)， phase siｘ （ｃoｎtｒｏl risｋ)， anｄ pｈａse　seｖｅｎ (fｒaud　ｒiｓk）.
9-2ﻩMateｒｉalｉtｙ　is dｅfineｄ ａs： ｔhe magnｉtｕde　of aｎ omisｓｉon　ｏr mｉsstａtｅment　of　acｃounｔing　ｉｎｆormａｔｉｏn tｈaｔ, iｎ　lｉｇhｔ　of　tｈe ｓurrｏundｉｎg circuｍｓｔａnceｓ, makes　ｉｔ probａble ｔｈat ｔhe judgment ｏf　a reａsｏnａｂｌe　perｓon reｌying ｏｎ　thｅ iｎfｏrmaｔｉｏｎ wouｌd haｖe beｅn ｃhaｎgeｄ ｏr iｎflｕｅnceｄ ｂｙ ｔhe omｉｓsioｎ　ｏr ｍｉssｔａtｅｍeｎｔ．
ﻩ＂Ｏbtａin reasonablｅ aｓsuｒａｎce，" as ｕsｅｄ ｉn ｔｈｅ ａｕｄiｔ　ｒepoｒt, meａns tｈat　tｈe audiｔor doｅs nｏt gｕaranteｅ or ｉｎｓuｒe thｅ faiｒ presｅnｔation　ｏｆ tｈe ｆｉnanｃial　stａteｍｅnts. Tｈere iｓ some ｒiｓｋ　tｈａt　the fiｎanｃial sｔatements coｎtain ａ mａｔeｒiaｌ　misｓｔatement.
9－3ﻩＭatｅｒｉaliｔy is　iｍportanｔ　because　iｆ fiｎanciaｌ　ｓｔａtementｓ ａｒｅ ｍａteriａlly mｉsstatｅｄ， ｕserｓ' ｄｅｃｉsｉons　ｍaｙ　ｂe affected, ａnｄ ｔhereby cause　financial loss to　tｈｅm. Ｉt ｉｓ　ｄｉfｆicult to　apply ｂecausｅ thｅre ａｒｅ oｆｔen maｎｙ　diｆｆerｅｎt users oｆ ｔhe ｆｉnaｎciａl ｓｔatｅmｅntｓ．　Tｈe　audｉtor must tｈeｒefｏrｅ　mａke ａn assｅsｓｍeｎt ｏｆ the likely　uｓerｓ　and the ｄecｉｓions ｔhｅy ｗill ｍａke.　Ｍatｅriality is　ａｌｓo ｄiffｉｃulｔ　to aｐｐly　ｂeｃaｕse　ｉt is ａ rｅlatｉｖｅ　conｃｅｐt． The　pｒoｆｅsｓｉonal aｕditｉｎg ｓtanｄards oｆfer liｔｔle ｓｐecific guidaｎｃe regａrｄing tｈe ａｐpｌicatiｏn ｏｆ　materialｉty.　The　auditoｒ　ｍｕst, theｒeforｅ, ｅｘerciｓｅ　consｉderａblｅ ｐｒｏfesｓiｏnal judgmeｎt iｎ the aｐpｌｉcatｉon ｏf materｉaｌｉty.
9－４ﻩＴhe prｅlimｉｎary judｇｍｅnt abｏut maｔｅriａlｉtｙ　is　the ｍaximuｍ　ａ