花生枝叶化学成分地研究.pdf

花生枝叶化学成分研究 1 中文摘要花生枝叶为豆科落花生属植物落花生 Arachis hypogaea L. 的茎叶花生枝叶味甘淡性平具有清热解毒宁神降压功效主治跌打损伤痈肿疮毒失眠高血压现代药理研究表明花生枝叶可显著缩短小鼠断尾出血时间和血凝时间花生叶醇提取物静脉注射对麻醉犬有显著的降压作用花生叶的水醇石油醚等提取物均具有镇静催眠作用可显著减少小鼠自发活动并明显抑制被动运动此外花生枝叶的毒性很小为进一步探明其活性成分我们对花生枝叶的化学成分进行了系统研究花生枝叶经 70 乙醇提取减压回收乙醇后依次用石油醚 60 90?乙酸乙酯以及水饱和的正丁醇萃取重点对乙酸乙酯部分进行了化学成分研究用各种色谱层析的方法分离分离产物利用质谱核磁共振等技术进行了结构解析共分离出 12 个化合物并鉴定了其中的 9 个化合物依次为β谷甾醇?正三十一烷?大豆皂醇 B ?胡萝卜苷?二十六烷酸α甘油酯?棕榈酸?豆甾烷 3 β 6 α二醇?十六烷酸α甘油酯?硬脂酸α甘油酯?除???外其它 6 个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到花生枝叶的其它部分的分离鉴定工作还在继续其作用机理及物质基础还有待进一步的深入研究关键词落花生提取与分离结构鉴定化合物花生枝叶化学成分研究 2 ABSTRACT Huashengzhiye is the dried stems and leaves of the Arachis hypogaea L. In traditional Chinese medicine, it was described as slightly fragrant in odor, sweet in taste, and normally used for the treatment of injuries from falls, carbuncle, insomnia and hypertension. Modern pharmacological research indicates that the peanut stems and leaves can significantly shorten the time of mouse tails bleeding and Xiening time; the extraction of peanut leaves from water can significan tly reduce the blood pressure of intravenous narcotic dogs. The extraction of the peanut stems and leaves from water, ethanol and petroleum ether have seda tion and hypnogenesis and signifi cantly suppress otor activity and motor coordination of the mice, and the toxicity of the peanut stems and leaves is very little. To examine the mate rial background of its bioactivity, we have further investigated the chemical constituents of the peanut stems and leaves. Peanut stems and leaves were extracted wi th 70% ethanol under reflux; the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure; the residue was dissolved in H 2O and partitioned with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol essively. Twelve compounds were isolated from the ethyl acet ate fractions by column chromatography, and pounds were identified. Th e structures of pounds were elucidated by spectr oscopic methods and determined to be -sitosterol ( ), hentriacontane ( ), soyasapogenol B ( ),