现代语言学问题详解.ppt

现代语言学问题详解李文中博士Li_******@./******@,审问之,慎思之,明辨之,笃行之。有弗学,学之弗能弗措也;有弗问,问之弗知弗措也;有弗思,思之弗得弗措也;有弗辨,辨之弗明弗措也;有弗行,行之弗笃弗措也。人一能之,己百之;人十能之,己千之。果能此道矣,虽愚必明,虽柔必强。------孔子《中庸》沙爆峦亦画艳略祷贷伞松锻瑟旬樊狮溢啦哀唐没孰痞砧串缎玉酱敝寐慑卯现代语言学问题详解现代语言学问题详解Learnextensively,inquireclosely,reflectcarefully,discriminaterationally,;neverstopinquiringwhenthereisanythingonefailstounderstand;prehend;neverstopdiscriminatingwhenthereisanythingonefailstodisambiguate;,onemultiplieshiseffortbyhundreds;whileothersmultiplytheireffortbyten,,andstrongevenifheisweakwhenhecouldlearninsuchaway.(Confucius,TheDoctrineoftheMean),transmitted,,ics:-ics:-ics:howsoundsaretransmitted.-ics::tongue(lingual):tip,blade,front,middle,backlips(labial):upperlip,lowerlipteeth(dental):upperteeth,lowerteeth,backalveolarridge:alveolo-palatalhardpalate:palatalvelum:velaruvulaglottis:::Thestateoftheglottis:whethertheglottisisopenorclosedorvibratingdeterminesthevoicingofthesoundThestateofthevelum:whenthevelumisraisedandblockstheairstreamfromescapingintothenasalcavity,anoralsoundisproduced;whenthevelumisloweredandallowstheairstreamgoingintoboththeoralandnasalcavity,***暮烈聊冒膊策踏刨蛊敬现代语言学问题详解现代语言学问题详解EdgesofvocalfoldsFrontofAdam’sappleGlottisopen :thearticulatorsemploy6ed