初中不规则动词变化.doc

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shallshould shineshone,shinedshone,shined showshowedshown shutshutshut singsangsung sinksank,sunksunk,sunken sitsatsat sleepsleptslept smellsmelt,smelledsmelt,smelled speakspokespoken spendspentspent spillspiltspilt spitspatspat spoilspoiltspoilt standstoodstood sweepsweptswept swimswamswum taketooktaken teachtaughttaught telltoldtold thinkthoughtthought throwthrewthrown understandunderstoodunderstood wakewaked,wokewaked,woken,woke wearworeworn willwould winwonwon [k?st]cost[k?st]cost[k?st]花费cut[k?t]cut[k?t]cut[k?t]割,切hurt[h?:t]hurt[h?:t]hurt[h?:t]受伤hit[hit]hit[hit]hit[hit]打,撞let[let]let[let]let[let]让put[put]put[put]put[put]放下read[ri:d]read[ri:d]read[ri:d]读set[set]set[set]set[set]安排,安置spread[spred]spread[spred]spread[spred]展开,传播,涂spit[spit]spit/spat[spit]spit/spat[spit]吐痰,shut[??t]shut[??t]shut[??t]关上,闭起,[bi'k?m]became[bi'keim]e[bi'k?m]变come[k?m]came[keim]come[k?m]来run[r?n]ran[r?n]run[r?n](1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d,t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形过去式过去分词burn[b?:n]burnt[b?:nt]burnt[b?:nt]燃烧deal[di:l]dealt[delt]dealt[delt]解决dream[dri:m]dreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt[dremt]做梦hear[hi?]heard[h?:d]heard[h?:d]听见hang['h??]hanged/hung[h??]hanged/hung绞死,悬挂learn[l?:n]learned/learnt[l?:nt]learned/learnt[l?:nt]学****light['lait]lit/lighted[lit]lit/lighted[lit]点燃,照亮mean[mi:n]meant[ment]meant[ment]意思prove[pru:v]provedproven/proved['pru:v?n]证明,证实,试验shine[?ain]shone/shinedshone/shined[??un,??n]使照耀,使发光show[??u]showedshowed/shown['??un]展示,给...看smell[smel]smelled/smelt[smelt]smelled/smelt[smelt]闻,嗅speed[spi:d]sped[sped]/speededsped/speeded[sped]加速spell[spel]spelled/spelt[spelt]spelled/spelt[spelt]拼写wake[weik]waked/woke[w?uk]waked/woken['w?uk?n]醒来,叫醒,激发(2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形过去式过去分词build[bild]built[bilt]built[bilt]建筑lend[lend]lent[lent]lent[lent]借给rebuild[,ri:'bild]rebuilt[,ri:'bilt]rebuilt[,ri:'bilt]改建,重建send[send]sent[sent]sent[sent]送spend[spend]spent[spent]spent[spent]花费(3)原形→ought→ought动词原形过去式过去分词bring[bri?]brought[br?:t]brought[br?:t]带来buy[bai]bought[b?:t]bought[b?:t]买fight[fait]fought[f?:t]fought[f?:t]打架think[θi?k]thought[θ?:t]thought[θ?:t]思考,想(4)原形→aught→aught动词原形过去式过去分词catch[k?t?]caught[k?:t]caught[k?:t]捉,抓teach[ti:t?]taught[t?:t]taught[t?:t]教(5)变其中一个元音字母动词原形过去式过去分词dig[diɡ]dug[d?ɡ]dug[d?ɡ]掘(土),挖(洞、沟等)feed[fi:d]fed[fed]fed[fed]喂find[faind]foundfound发现,找到get[ɡet]got[ɡ?t]got/gotten['ɡ?t?n]得到hold[h?uld]held[held]held[held]拥有,握住,支持lead[li:d]led[led]led[led]引导,带领,领导meet[mi:t]met[met]met[met]遇见sit[sit]sat[s?t]sat[s?t]坐shoot[?u:t]shot[??t]shot[??t]射击spit[spit]spit/spat[sp?t]spit/spat[sp?t]吐痰,stick[stik]stuck[st?k]stuck[st?k]插进,刺入,粘住,win[win]won[w?n]won[w?n]赢(6)原形→□lt/pt/ft→□lt/pt/ft动词原形过去式过去分词feel['fi:l]felt[felt]felt[felt]感到keep[ki:p]kept[kept]kept[kept]保持leave[li:v]left[left]left[left]离开sleep[sli:p]slept[slept]slept[slept]睡觉sweep[swi:p]swept[swept]swept[swept]扫(7)其它动词原形过去式过去分词lay[lei]laid[leid]laid[leid]下蛋,放置pay[pei]paid[peid]paid[peid]付say[sei]said[sed]said[sed]说stand[st?nd]stood[stud]stood[stud]站understandunderstood[,?nd?'st?nd]understood[,?nd?'st?nd]明白lose[lu:z]lost[l?st,l?:st]lost[l?st,l?:st]失去have[h?v]had[h?d,h?d,?d]had[h?d,h?d,?d]有make[meik]made[meid]made[meid]制造sell[sel]sold[s?uld]sold[s?uld]卖tell[tel]told[t?uld]told[t?uld]告诉retell[,ri:'tel]retold[,ri:'t?uld]retold[,ri:'t?uld]重讲,重复,(1)原形→过去式→原形+(e)n动词原形过去式过去分词blow[bl?u]blew[blu:]blown吹drive[draiv]drove[dr?uv]driven[driv?n]驾驶draw[dr?:]drew[dru:]drawn[dr?:n]画画eat[i:t]ate[et,eit]eaten['i:t?n]吃fall[f?:l]Fell[fel]fallen['f?:l?n]落下give[ɡiv]gave[ɡeiv]given['ɡiv?n]给grow[ɡr?u]grew[ɡru:]grown[ɡr?un]生长forgive[f?'ɡiv]forgot[f?'ɡ?t]forgiven原谅,饶恕know[n?u]knew[nju:,nu:]known知道mistake[mi'steik]mistook[mi'stuk]mistooken弄错;误解,overeat['?uv?'i:t]overate[,?uv?'reit]overeaten(使)吃过量prove[pru:v]provedproven/proved证明,证实,试验take[teik]took[tuk]taken['teikn,'teik?n]拿throw[θr?u]threw[θru:]thrown[θr?un,'θr?un]抛,扔ride[raid]rode[r?ud]ridden['rid?n]骑see[si:]saw[s?:]seen[si:n]看见show[??u]showedshowed/shown['??un]展示write[rait]wrote[r?ut]written['rit?n]写(2)原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n动词原形过去式过去分词break[breik]broke[br?uk]broken['br?uk?n]打破choose[t?u:z]chose[t??uz]chosen['t??uz?n]选择get[ɡet]got[ɡ?t]got/gotten['ɡ?t?n]得到hide[haid]hid[hid]hidden['hid?n]隐藏forget[f?'ɡet]forgot[f?'ɡ?t]forgotten[f?'ɡ?tn]忘记freeze[fri:z]froze[fr?uz]frozen['fr?uzn]冷冻,结冰,感到严寒speak[spi:k]spoke[sp?uk]spoken['sp?uk?n]说steal[sti:l]stolestolen['st?ul?n]偷(3)变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”(过去式)和“u”(过去分词)。[i→a→u]动词原形过去式过去分词begin[bi'ɡin]began[bi'ɡ?n]begun[bi'ɡ?n]开始drink[dri?k]drank[dr??k]drunk[dr??k]喝sing[si?]sang[s??]sung[s??]唱sink[si?k]sank[s??k]sunk[s??k]下沉,沉没swim[swim]swam[sw?m]swum[sw?m]游泳ring[ri?]rang[r??]rung[r??]打电话(4)其它动词原形过去式过去分词be(am,is,are)was/werebeen是bear[bε?]bore[b?:]born/borne[b?:n]负担,忍受do[du:,du:]did[did]done[d?n]做fly[flai]flew[flu:]flown[fl?un]飞go[ɡ?u]went[went]gone[ɡ?n]去lie[lai]lay[lei]lain[lein]躺wear[wε?]wore[w?:]worn[w?:n]穿