高考复习动词和动词短语.ppt

一、及物动词与不及物动词常见的跟单宾语的及物动词主要有: accept, admire, admit, affect, afford, discover, educate, enjoy, explain, forget, guess, invent, love, post, raise 等。常见的跟双宾语的及物动词主要有: 1. 直、间接宾语易位需加 to的动词: bring, give, hand, pass, post, promise, read, return, show, teach, tell, lend 等。 2. 直、间接宾语易位需加 for 的动词: buy, choose, cook, draw, find, fetch, make, order, paint, purchase, save, spare 等。 3. 既可加 to,也可加 for 的动词: do, get, play, sing 等。常见的不及物动词主要有: ache, agree, apologize, appear, arrive, come, go, cry, dance, die, disappear, dream, exist, fall, flow, graduate, sit, stand, stay, wait, rise, lie, happen 等。二、延续性动词与终止性动词延续性动词可用于完成时,与以下几种时间状语连用: for + 一段时间, since + 时间点, since + 一段时间+ ago , since + 从句(一般过去时)等。常见的这类动词有: have, possess, keep, know, learn, live, read, sleep, wait, work, look, hear, smell 等。终止性动词不可用于现在完成时,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,其否定形式多与 until / till 连用,构成“ not + 终止性动词+ until / till ... ”的句型,意为“直到……才……”。如: I will not go to bed until I finish drawing the picture tonight. 三、常见的短语动词有以下五种: 1. 动词+介词“动词+介词”构成的短语相当于一个及物动词,后面跟宾语。在被动语态中,整个短语不可分开。这类短语动词常用的有: agree with, burst into, call on, consist of, deal with, depend / rely on, die of / from, dream of, feel like, get into, hear from, insist on, look / stare / glare at, prepare for, result in, set about 等。 2. 动词+副词 1)及物动词+副词。这类短语动词常用的有: cut off, take down, put out, take over, turn down, turn over, throw away, figure out 等。 2)不及物动词+副词。后面不跟宾语,没有被动语态。这类短语动词常用的有: die away, give in, go ahead, hold on, run away, stand out 等。 3. 动词+名词+介词。这类短语动词常用的有: catch sight of, compare notes with, declare war on / upon, get rid of, have a word with, make fun of, make use of, make preparations for, pay attention to, take care of, take hold of, take advantage of, take charge of 等。 4. 动词+副词+介词。这类短语动词常用的有: catch up with, come up with, date back to, put up with, go in for, run out of 等。 5. be + 形容词+介词。这类短语动词常用的有: be accustomed / used to, be afraid of, be devoted to, be fond of, be familiar with, be famous for, be fit / suitable for 等。