ContentsSection Heading/Description Page1 Variation,TolerancesandDimensionalControl 4 2 Population,SampleandNormalDistribution 153 CpandCpkConcept 284 UseoftheNMPDataCollectionSpreadsheet 445 ConfidenceofCpk 52ProcessCapability-EvaluatingManufacturingVariationAcknowledgementsBennyMatthiassen (NMPCMT,Copenhagen,Denmark)FrankAdler (NMPAlliance,Dallas,USA)JoniLaakso (NMPR&D,Salo,Finland)JimChristy (NMPSRC,Southwood,UK)Section1Variation,TolerancesandDimensionalControlTheSourcesofProcess/SystemVariationMethodsOperatorsCustomerSatisfactionMaterialEnvironmentEquipmentProcessTwoTypesofProcessesAllprocesseshave:Natural(random)variability=>moncausesStableProcess:moncausesUnstableProcess:monandspecialcausesUSLLSLnominalvalueDefectUSLLSLnominalvalueUnnaturalvariability=>duetospecialcausesShewhart(1931)monCauses:Causesthatareimplementedintheprocessduetothedesignoftheprocess,esoftheprocessIdentifyingthesetypesofcausesrequiresmethodssuchasDesignofExperiment(DOE),etc.SpecialCauses:es,ircumstancesSpecialcausescanbeidentifiedusingStatisticalProcessControl(SPC)USLLSLNominalvalueDefectUSLLSLnominalvalueTolerancesLSL(lowerspecificationlimit)10,7USL(upperspecificationlimit)10,eptablepartRejectedPartRejectedProductNominal10,80,=100pcs(butsamplingplanneedstobemadeonthebasisofproductionquantity,rundurationandcycletime)
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