Manuscript Explicit Constructivism a missing link in i：手稿的显式建构主义缺少的环节在我.ppt

Manuscript:ExplicitConstructivism:amissinglinkinineffectivelectures?Author:Supplement1:monsAttributionLicense/licenses/by-nc-sa/-,SchoolofMedicine,AIMSTUniversity,MalaysiaE-mail:******@Howmuchdowealreadyknow?JustwritetheanswerswiththequestionnumberonasheetofpaperAtsealevel,barometricpressureis:,ventilation-:Theamountofairthatremainsinthelungsafteratidalexpirationiscalled:Ifyoubreathe500mlperbreath12timesaminuteandyourdeadspaceis150ml,then,anizationofcontentintheselectures:NeuralcontrolofbreathingNeuralcontrolsystems:anizationChemoreceptors:anizationClassificationofchemoreceptorsVentilatoryresponses:tochangesinacid-basebalanceToCO2excessTooxygenlackInteractionofhypoxiaandCO2Contentoutlinecontinued:NonchemicalinfluencesonrespirationResponsesmediatedbyairwayreceptorsResponsesmediatedbyreceptorsinthelungparenchymaCoughing&sneezingRegulationofrespirationduringsleepAbnormalrespiratorypatternsNeuralcontrolofbreathingThereare2systems:OneforvoluntarycontrolOneforspontaneousbreathingSystemforvoluntarycontrolofbreathing:RegulatorneuronslocatedincerebralcortexWhendoesthissystemwork?WhenwecontrolourbreathingvoluntarilyExample:whenyouholdyourbreathExample:whenyouhyperventilatePathway:Fromcerebralcortextomotorneuronsinthespinalcordwhichsupplymusclesofrespiration(diaphragm&intercostalmuscles)Systemforspontaneouscontrolofbreathing:BreathingismostlyspontaneousBreathingisrhythmic(rateaswellasdepth)WearenotawarethatwearebreathingLocationofrespiratorycenter:medullaPleaseseeschematiconnextslideMechanismofspontaneousbreathingPonsMedullaPre-plex;pre-BOTC(Pacemaker)euronsDiaphragm&intercostalmusclesMedullarychemoreceptorsAfferentsfromcarotidbodiesterminatehere