托福reading100.doc

PASSAGE1Bythemid-eenthcentury,theterm"icebox"hadenteredtheAmericanlanguage,,taverns,andhospitals,andbysomeforward-lookingcitydealersinfreshmeat,freshfish,(1861-1865),asicewasusedtorefrigeratefreightcars,,halftheicesoldinNewYork,Philadelphia,andBaltimore,andone-thirdofthatsoldinBostonandChicago,,theicebox,aprecursorofthemodernrefrigerator,,theknowledgeofthephysicsofheat,whichwasessentialtoascienceofrefrigeration,,,earlyeffortstoeconomizeiceincludedwrappingtheiceinblankets,,aningeniousMarylandfarmer,ThomasMoore,,,petitorstopayapremiumpriceforhisbutter,stillfreshandhardinneat,one-,Mooreexplained,?(A)Theinfluenceoficeonthediet(B)Thedevelopmentofrefrigeration(C)Thetransportationofgoodstomarket(D),whendidtheword"icebox"epartofthelanguageoftheUnitedStates?(A)in1803(B)sometimebefore1850(C)duringthecivilwar(D)"forward-looking"inline4isclosestinmeaningto(A)progressive(B)popular(C)thrifty(D)well-(A)manyfishdealersalsosoldice(B)fishwasshippedinrefrigera