不定式及练习(中考英语语法及练习题).doc

不定式
不定式就是:“ to+动词原形”(to do)
通常动词后面都可以用不定式,
常可接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:agree(同意), hope(希望), decide(决定), need(需要), mean(打算), wish(希望), fail(失败), want(想要), begin(开始), would like(想要)等。
It’s + 形容词+ for / of + sb + to do sth.
当上面的形容词指的是to do sth的性质时,用介词for。
It’s dangerous for children to swim in the river.
孩子在这条河里游泳很危险。(游泳这件事情危险)
当上面的形容词指的是sb的性质时,用介词of。这些形容词往往修饰人:good, bad, polite, unkind, kind, nice, clever, right, wrong, careful, careless
It was careless of you to do that. 你这么做真粗心。(你这个人粗心)
It’s very kind of you to help me. 你这个人真好,帮助了我。
3. 区别下列词组的不同含义:
①like to do sth
like doing sth
②stop to do sth
stop doing sth
③remember to do sth
remember doing sth
④forget to do sth
forget doing sth
不定式省to有四种情况:
let,have,make 等后接不定式。例:Let him go! 让他走!
rather,had better后。例:You had better stay at 。
... / why not...后。
例:Why not have a good rest on Sunday? 为什么星期天不好好休息一下呢?
see, watch, look at, hear, listen to, smell,feel, find 等后作宾补,省to。如:I saw him dance. 我看见他跳舞。
注意:这些情况在被动句中可千万不可省to 哟!
例:The boss made them work the whole night.
变成被动句:They were made to work the whole night.
不定式的特殊用法:
It与不定式:动词不定式可以做主语,但如果动词不定式太长,显得头重脚轻的,那么我们就可用形式主语it代替,而把真正主语(即不定式)放于句尾。
如: It is not difficult for me to study English well.(对我来说学好英语是可能的。)
不定式还可以充当句子的宾语,但有些动词,如find,think,believe 等,在语法上不能接受不定式作宾语,只有用it作形式宾语,从而把动词不定式置于句尾。这样的不定式可继续充当其宾语的作用。
例: I f