高考复习动词和动词短语.ppt

动词与动词短语
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一、及物动词与不及物动词
常见的跟单宾语的及物动词主要有:accept, admire, admit, affect, afford, discover, educate, enjoy, explain, forget, guess, invent, love, post, raise等。
知识梳理
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常见的跟双宾语的及物动词主要有:
1. 直、间接宾语易位需加to的动词:bring, give, hand, pass, post, promise, read, return, show, teach, tell, lend等。
2. 直、间接宾语易位需加for的动词:buy, choose, cook, draw, find, fetch, make, order, paint, purchase, save, spare等。
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3. 既可加to,也可加for的动词:do, get, play, sing等。
常见的不及物动词主要有:ache, agree, apologize, appear, arrive, come, go, cry, dance, die, disappear, dream, exist, fall, flow, graduate, sit, stand, stay, wait, rise, lie, happen等。
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二、延续性动词与终止性动词
延续性动词可用于完成时,与以下几种时间状语连用:for +一段时间,since +时间点,since +一段时间+ ago,since +从句(一般过去时)等。常见的这类动词有:have, possess, keep, know, learn, live, read, sleep, wait, work, look, hear, smell等。
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终止性动词不可用于现在完成时,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,其否定形式多与until / till连用,构成“not +终止性动词+ until / till ...”的句型,意为“直到……才……”。如:
I will not go to bed until I finish drawing the picture tonight.
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三、常见的短语动词有以下五种:
1. 动词+介词
“动词+介词”构成的短语相当于一个及物动词,后面跟宾语。在被动语态中,整个短语不可分开。这类短语动词常用的有:agree with, burst into, call on, consist of, deal with, depend / rely on, die of / from, dream of, feel like, get into, hear from, insist on, look  / stare  / glare at, prepare for, result in, set about等。
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2. 动词+副词
1)及物动词+副词。这类短语动词常用的有:cut off, take down, put out, take over, turn down, turn over, throw away, figure out等。
2)不及物动词+副词。后面不跟宾语,没有被动语态。这类短语动词常用的有:die away, give in, go ahead, hold on, run away, stand out等。
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3. 动词+名词+介词。这类短语动词常用的有:catch sight of, compare notes with, declare war on / upon, get rid of, have