毕业设计（论文）-小型汽车修理举升机设计.doc

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小型汽车修理举升机设计
摘要:举升机能根据汽车修理作业的内容使车身上升到合适高度,对于分解修理作业、更换润滑油、车辆洗净、检查作业等能有效而且安全地运行。液压式双柱汽车举升机作为一种液压技术新产品开发设计研究, 他有着其他举升机无法比拟的优势:如它采用的结构工作范围广,可维修高顶棚车辆,工作空间空旷等,本文较全面的介绍了举升机的分类,在确定了所要设计的方案之后,即针对了举升机的结构及特点要求进行了设计与说明,同时对汽车举升机立柱、横梁的截面特性,并对主立柱的刚度、强度和托臂的强度进行了校核验算,设计并对液压缸活塞杆强度以及受压杆的稳定性也进行了验算,以保证设计的举升机满足使用要求。
关键词:液压式;举升机;刚度;强度;截面特性;校核计算
Design of Car Repair Lift
(Oriental Science &Technology College of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128)
Abstract: Lifting can according to the repair work to rise car to a suitable height for postion, repair work, the replacement of lubricants, car wash, check the homework effectively and safely. Hydraulic two-pillar lifting machine is a kind of hydraulic technology development of new products design and research, he has other lift parable advantages: such as the structure of wide working range, high ceiling can repair vehicles, working space is empty, this prehensively introduces the lifting machine classification, in the to design plan, which aimed at lifting machine structure and the characteristic requirements for the design and the
explain, at the same time the car lifting machine column, beam cross-section characteristics, and the main column, beam stiffness, strength and arm strength undertook checking, design and hydraulic cylinder piston rod strength and pressure bar stability also undertook checking, to ensure that the design of the lifting machine to meet the use requirements.
Key words: Hydraulic lifting machine;; stiffness; strength; sectional properties; checking calculation
1 前言
国内举升机现状及问题
目前,全国生产汽车举升机的厂家较多,生产的举升机的形式也比较繁多,有双柱式举升机、四柱式、剪式、组合移动汽车式等。仅从举升机的外型来分类的基本形式就有:普通双柱式、龙门双柱式、四立柱式、剪式、移动式和单立柱式等汽车举升机按照举升机的举升装置的形式分类也有很多种,包括丝杠螺母举升式、链条传动举升式、液压缸举升式、齿轮齿条举升式等举升机。从举升机的驱动方式分,主要有:电机驱动式举升机和液压驱动式举升机。举升机的结构形式主要有:整体结构形式;举升方式;驱动方式;平衡方式;保险与保护方式;托盘结构。
从我国的国情出发,从实用角度出发,需要考虑到大多数维修是屋内作业,野外作业有,但是少,故采用两立柱升举,尽量在满足升举条件的情况下,节省空间,为了减少噪音及其达到升降的平稳性采用液压动力升举装置,由于升举的同时,两个同步液压缸的设计不可能完全一样,将导致升举的同时车会发生倾斜,故采用钢丝绳平稳系统