汉语标点符号的英译.ppt

汉语标点符号的英译
由于汉英两种语言语系不同,遣词造句以及谋篇的方法不同,标点符号的使用也不尽相同。比如:汉语中有顿号(、),英语中没有,英译时一律用逗号;汉语有两种引号,横行文字用(“)和(”),竖行文字起始用(﹃),结束用(﹄);汉语的省略号用六个圆点(……),而英语用三个(…);汉语的连结号可占一个字或两个字的位置,而英语的连字符只占一个字母的位置;汉语有双书号(《》)和单书号(<>)之分,而英语书名则往往用异体。翻译实践证明,随着组句谋篇的变化,根据上下文的要求,句式不断转换,标点符号也必然有着相应的变化,因此不能完全照搬原文的标点符号。
一、逗号的英译处理
:在翻译汉语流水句时,常将某些逗号改译为句号。例如:
李爱杰梦见自己和秦山去土豆地铲草,路过草甸子,秦山为她摘一支花,掉进沼泽中,眼看着越陷越深,急得李爱杰大喊起来。
Li Aijie dreamed that when she and Qin Shan were passing a grassland on their way to weeding the potato field, Qin Shan fell into the marshland while picking a flower for her. Seeing Qin Shan falling deeper and deeper in the quagmire, Li Aijie was so worried that she cried out loudly in her dream.
:汉语中,句首表示时间、地点的状语通常用逗号分开,英译时,逗号可省略。例如:
近十多年来,中国教育在过去的基础上,又取得了令人瞩目的成就,已形成了学前教育——基础教育——职业教育——高等教育——***教育——老年教育这样一个教育体系。
Remarkable progress has been made in the past decade, and plete educational system,covering the entire process from preschool to elementary,vocational,university and adult education has taken shape.
:有时汉语中的逗号可改译为破折号,以表示意思的转折或注释性说明。例如:
要有控制数字,摊派下去。摊派而不强迫,不是命令主义。
There should be control figures and an allotment of pulsion—this is mandism.
:汉语中的排偶短语用逗号分开,英译时可改译为连词,使译文紧凑有力,富有节奏感。例如:
匪军所至,杀戮人民,奸***妇女,焚毁村庄,掠夺财物,无所不用其极。
Wherever the bandit troops went, they massacred and raped, burned and looted and stopped at nothing.
5. 逗号改译分号:根据英语表述以及谋篇的需要,原文中的逗号有时也可改译为分号。例如:
于是我自己解释说:“故乡本也如此,虽说没有进步,也未必有我所感的悲凉,这只是我自己心情的改变罢了,因为我这次回乡,本没有什么好心绪。”
Then I rationalized the matter to myself, saying: Home was always like this, and although it has not improved, still it is not so depressing as I imagine; it is only my mood that has changed, because I ing back to the country this time with no illusions.
二、句号的英译处理
,原文中的句号可改译为逗号。例如:
北京是中国的文化中心。这里有五十多所高等院校,还有许多全国性的研究所和艺术、科学机构。
As the cultural center of the country, Beijing has more than 50 institutions of higher learning, not to mention the many national research institutes and art science academies establis