2023中国气候转型展望-CREA（英）.doc

该【2023中国气候转型展望-CREA（英） 】是由【youyicheng】上传分享，文档一共【134】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【2023中国气候转型展望-CREA（英） 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。2China'sClimateTransition:Outlook202327November2023AuthorsLauriMyllyvirta,QiQin,ChengchengQiu,XinyiShenThisreportwaspublishedbytheCentreforResearchonEnergyandCleanAir(CREA)withthesupportoftheHeinrichB?llFoundation’s(Heinrich-B?ll-Stifung)globalheadoficeinBerlin,,MuyiYang,ShuruiWangEditorKathrynMiller,HannahEkbergTranslatorXiaoyingYouDesignerWendiWuPhotobyLiYangonUnsplashProjectcoordinatorEllaSoesanto,XinyiShenAcknowledgementsCREAgratefullyacknowledgesthesupport,feedback,?(CREA)anisationfocusedonrevealingthetrends,causes,andhealthimpacts,aswellasthesolutions,,,,?llFoundationTheHeinrichB?llFoundation(Heinrich-B?ll-Stifung)'sprimarytaskispoliticalawarenessbuildinginGermanyandabroadtopromotedemocraticwill,socio-,democracy,solidarity,(hereinaferreferredtoas‘CREA’)headquarteredinFinland,,territory,cityorareaorofitsauthorities,,andtheydonotnecessarilyreflecttheoficialpolicyorposition,orrepresenttheviewsoropinions,ofCREA,oritsmembersand/,,,thispublicationshouldnotbeusedasthereferenceofanyinvestmentorotherdecision-,’’(NGFS)(CAT)(IEA)(ICCSD),RenminUniversity(SENR-RMU),ChinaAcademyofEnvironmentalPlanning(CAEP-IAE)andElectricPowerPlanningandEngineeringInstitute(EPPEI)(NCEPU)andPekingUniversity(PKU)(EFC)lobalSustainabilityattheUniversityofMaryland(CGS-UMD)254MeasuringandbenchmarkingChina’-:reenandlow-:China’::::Actionsforpromotinggreenandlow-:China’:Historicaldatasources122Abbreviations124ListoffiguresFigure1|China’sreportedgreenhousegasemissionsin2014,|China’sCO2emissionsfromenergyandcement,2000–|China’sfossilCO2emissionsbysector(1995–2021).10Figure4|China’sfossilCO2emissionsbysector;|China’’|ComparisonofChina’sCO2emissionsperunitofGrossdomesticproduct(GDP)|CO2emissiontrajectoriesoffast-|Emission,concentration,|||||AnnualchangeinChina’|AnnualchangeinChina’|AnnualchangeinChina’|AnnualchangeinChina’|AnnualchangeinChina’snon-||Energyconsumptiongrowthbysectorandfuel,from2017to2021,|||Annualaddednon-paredtoenergytransitionpathways,withwind,solar,|paredtoenergytransitionpathways54Figure25|CoalpowerpipelineinChina;changesinprojectstatus,half-|China’scleanenergybasesenvisionedinthecentralandprovincialFive-|China’sNewPowerSystemRoadmap,|||||||||China’ssteelproductionshareandEAF-steeloutputtargetby202582Figure37|Newlyproposedironandsteelmakingcapacityannouncedthroughcapacity84replacementonahalf-yearlybasis,2017–||||||||Vehicleproduction;12----|(comparedtolevelsin2020).paredtolevelsin2020).104paredtolevelsin2005).104Figure53|Expertfieldsofexpertise(persons)107Figure54|Expertindustries(persons)107Figure55|Statusofafiliatedinstitutes(persons)107Figure56|ThepeakyearofChina'scarbonemissions108Figure57|Carbonemissionpeak109Figure58||HasChina'scoalconsumptionpeaked?111Figure60|NumberofresponsesfordiferentYearsofcoalconsumptionpeaking112Figure61|PeakyearofcarbonemissionsinChina'spowersector113Figure62|PeakyearofcarbonemissionsinChina'ssteelindustry114Figure63|ThepeakyearofcarbondioxideemissionsinChina'scementindustry115Figure64|PeakyearsofcarbondioxideemissionsinChina'stransportationsector116ListoftablesTable1|||°C,°Ctarget-orientedand2°Cpathways(Heetal.,2022).28Table4|Selectedpoliciesrelatingtonon-||Annualcapacityadditionsofnon-fossilpowergenerationtechnologiesandcapacityfittedS(Heetal.,2021).51Table7|||||Totallengthoftherailwaylinesandurbanrailtransitinusefrom2005to202598(1,000km).Table12|SurveyresultsonChina'scarbonemissionpeakingyear108Table13|SurveyresultsonthepeakyearforChina’stotalprimaryenergyconsumption109Table14|SurveyresultsontheyearofpeakcoalconsumptioninChina110Table15|SurveyresultsonthepeakyearofcarbonemissionsinChina'spowersector112Table16|SurveyresultsonthepeakyearofcarbonemissionsinChina'ssteelindustry113Table17|SurveyresultsonthepeakyearofcarbonemissionsinChina'scementindustry115Table18|SurveyresultsonthepeakyearofcarbondioxideemissionsinChina'stransportationsector116Table19|SurveyresultsontheimpactofChina'spost-pandemiceconomicsituationonthe117energytransitionprocessTable20|mendationsregardingChina's"dualcarbon"strategyandgoals117Table21|Historicaldatasources122ExecutivesummaryChina’,,Chinawillneedincreasedefortsonenergyeficiency,essfultransformationoftheeconomicgrowthmodel,,theworld'slargestgreenhousegasemitterandthemainsourceofemissionsgrowthinthepasttwodecades,,,webreakdownChina',wereassessChina’sprogresstowardsthecountry’’scarbondioxide(CO2):acollapseinhydropowergenerationcausedbythehistoricallylowrainsthatdroveupcoal--openingoftheeconomyaferalmostthreeyearsofzero-COVID-19policiescausedarebound,,