九年级英语语法定语从句归纳总结.pdf

该【九年级英语语法定语从句归纳总结 】是由【青山代下】上传分享，文档一共【5】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【九年级英语语法定语从句归纳总结 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。:..:用作定语的从句叫定语从句。:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。:紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。:引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。﹙1﹚关系代词:that/who/whom/which/as﹙2﹚关系副词:when/where/:位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。【as除外】(作用):﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语)。:﹙1﹚限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。①直接由引导词引导定语从句Themanwhoyou’retalkingtoismyfriend.②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导Themantowhomyou’.=,该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在从句之尾。例如:Theman(who/whom/that)Italkedabout(介词)atthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.=Themanabout(介词)(which/that)Ioftenpayavisitto(介词)wasbuiltinthe17thcentury.=Thepalaceto(介词)。,在定语从句中代替先行词,又作定语从句的主语,不能省略。Doyouknowthegentlemanwho/that(代替gentlmen,在从句中作主语)issittingthere?,在定语从句中代替先行词,又作定语从句的宾语(动宾或介宾)。①当作动宾(动词后接宾语)时,关系代词可省略。Doyouknowthegentlemanwhom/who/that(代替met后面thegentlmen,从句中做宾语)wemetjustnow?②当作介宾(介词后接宾语)时:介词不提前时,关系代词可省略;介词提前时,关系代词不可省略,即介词+whom(指人时介词后的关系代词只能用whom)。Theman(whom/who/that,可省略)Ispokewith(介词没提前)(提前了)whom(whom不可省略)Ispokeismyteacher.※注:固定的动词短语(动词+介词)如lookfor,takecareof等不能把动词与介词拆开,既介词不能提至引导词前。Sheistherightgirl(who/whom/that):指人或物,是所有格“…的”形式。Whose+、宾语(动宾或介宾)即先行词的什么东西怎样了,whose不能省略。。Whose+n.=the+n.+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whom+the=’tfindthedeskwhoselegwasbroken.(主语):..Heisthestudentwhosepencil(动词broke的宾语)Ibrokeyesterday.(动宾)panyIworkisverykind.(介宾),指代先行词且在定语从句中作主语或宾语(宾语包括动宾或介宾)。①当作动宾时,关系代词可省略。②当作介宾时:介词不提前时,关系代词可省略;介词提前时,关系代词不可省,即介词+which(指物时介词后的关系代词只能用which)。Thehousewhich/(which/that)(that/which).※注:介词+关系代词即介词+whom/which(先行词指人用whom,指物用which)。※,在定语从句中可作主语,宾语,表语或状语,不能省略。主要用于“thesame…as…;such…as…;so…as…;as…as…;asfollows”固定结构中,形式固定此时的引导限定性定语从句。要用as代替who(m),which,或that引导定语从句:-ups(know).I’.※注:which和as可引导非限定性定语从句:可以指代主句中的一部分或整个句子的内容,which和as都可以指代主句中的一部分或整个句子的内容,有时可以互换。因此,当as/which指代前面的整个句子,或前句中的部分内容作定语从句的主语时,,as/,as/,as/:指时间。在定语从句中作时间状语,不能省略。此时的when还可用介词+which替换(此时先行词一定是表时间的名词)。IstillrememberthetimewhenIjoinedtheLeague.=IstillrememberthetimeonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.=Istillrememberthetime(which/that):指地点。在定语从句中作地点状语,不能省略。此时的where还可用介词+which替换(此时先行词一定是表地点的名词)。IstillremembertheschoolwhereIjoinedtheLeague.=IstillremembertheschoolinwhichIjoinedtheLeague.=Istillremembertheschool(which/that)IjoinedtheLeaguein.※注:对关系副词when,where的认识。①.先行词是时间的名词,并非都用关系副词when引导定语从句。I’etthetime(which/that)Ispent(及物动词,后面省略thetime)inBeijing.②.先行词是地点的名词,并非都用关系副词where引导定语从句。Thisisthefactory(which/that)hevisited(及物动词,后面省略thefactory)yesterday.:..③.当句型为It/This/Thatis(was)thefirst(second…last)time引起的句子时用that连接其后的句子。此时的time是次数,不是时间。It/.why指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,先行词通常为reason,不能省略。且why引导的定语从句只能是限定性定语从句。Why=forwhichIdon’(forwhich)hewaslateisthathemissedthebus.※注:当先行词为reason时,关系副词并非都用why。Thisisthereason(that/which)hegave/explained(及物动词,后面省略thereason)tous.【判断用关系代词还是关系副词】从句缺少的是主语、宾语还是状语是确定用关系代词还是关系副词的关键。试比较:ettheday(which/that)IspentinHongkong.(spent是及物动词,后缺宾语,因此用关系代词或省略)etthedaywhen/onwhichHongkongreturnedtoitsmotherland.(从句主谓宾结构完整,缺状语,因此用关系副词或介词加关系代词)Thereason(that/which)ingtoschoolyesterdayisn’tbelievable.(gave是及物动词,后缺宾语,因此用关系代词或省略)Thereasonwhyhedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdayisn’tbelievable.(从句主谓宾结构完整,缺状语,因此用关系副词或介词加关系代词):,关系代词(that/which)只用that的情况。。(that)Iborrowfromthelibrary.※Heisthefirststudentthat/。Hetalkedabouttheteachersandtheschool(that),用that。(allthat=what)Allthat(what)Iwanttosaytoyouis“Thankyou”.=All(what)Iwanttosaytoyouis“Thankyou”.Gooverallthat(what)welearned.=Gooverall(what)welearned.(that在定语从句中充当宾语可以省略),anything,nothing,everything,thing时,’lltellyouanything(that),much,little,many,(a)few,every,some,any,no,only,thevery,oneof,theonly,thelast,thenext等修饰语时。Thisisoneofthebooks(that)I’mveryinterestingin.※ThisisoneofthebooksinwhichI’(that).(人,物),当先行词在以who或which开头的特殊疑问句中时,用that引导以避免混淆.:..Whoisthemanthatistalkingwiththelady?etothefront?,,关系代词(that/which)只用which的情况。(主,宾都用which,都不能省略).Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,,whichIvisitedyesterday,,,,those指人时,(he,she…)时,’,anyone,everyone,noone,somebody,anybody,everybody作先行词时,.①先行词是theonlyoneof+可数名词复数,在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句中的谓语用单数形式(因为此时的先行词是theonlyone,而不是of后的可数名词复数)..②先行词是oneof+可数名词复数,在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句中的谓语用复数形式(因为此时的先行词是of后的可数名词复数,而不是one).,用theone代替,但须注意:,?Ispopmusicthemusichelikesbest?,在定语从句中充当方式状语时(theway表"以…方式/方法"),引导词通常用that或省略,’tliketheway(that)youspeak.=Idon’tlikethewayinwhichyouspeak.=Idon’tliketheway(which/that)youspeakin.【运用定语从句时应注意的几个问题】,定语从句的谓语动词应和先行词的人称和数保持一致。。(先行词是books,因此动词应用were。),因此要注意避免从句中句子成分的重复出现。ThisisthemostbeautifulplacethatIhavevisitedit.:..。(去掉it,因that代替先行词themostbeautifulplace在定语从句中作visit的宾语,再加it就多余了。)。(去掉there,因where既引导定语从句,又在从句中代替intheschool作状语。)。。(关系代词that作主语不能省)4.“oneofthe+复数名词”后的定语从句中谓语动词的单复数情况。“oneofthe+复数名词”时,复数名词是先行词,所以谓语动词常用复数形式。如果“oneofthe+复数名词”前面有thevery/only等修饰语,则谓语动词用单数形式,因为先行词是,而不是复数名词。如:。(theonlyone是先行词)。(students是先行词)。关系代词who/whom引导定语从句时,作主语用主格who,作宾语用宾格whom。在其引导的定语从句带有插入语,而又不用逗号分开时,要用who。,Ithink是插入语,去掉后Maryisagirlwhoisclever是一个完整的句子,who是定语从句的主语,不能用whom替换。但下面的句子,情况就不同了:,如把Ithink看作插入语而去掉,则剩下的部分Maryisagirlwhomtobeclever很明显不是一个完整的句子结构,所以Ithink不能被看作是插入语,而是定语从句在的主谓结构,whom作think的宾语,tobeclever是whom的宾补。。如作主语和宾语用关系代词;作状语,用关系副词。I’etthedaywhenIwentabroadmyself.(when在从句中代替时间状语ontheday,此句可分解为I’.)I’etthedaysthatwespenttogether.(that代替thedays,在从句中作spent的宾语,